Is facial recognition always unethical in public spaces?

No. Ethical acceptability depends on purpose, necessity, proportionality, legal authority, affected people, performance, safeguards and consequences. A narrow voluntary verification use can differ materially from persistent one-to-many surveillance.

What is the first question in an impact assessment?

State the exact decision and outcome sought, then test whether a non-biometric alternative can achieve it with less intrusion or risk. Product accuracy should not be the opening question.

Does human review solve facial-recognition risk?

Not automatically. Review helps only when a trained person has adequate evidence, time, authority and a real ability to reject the match before an adverse action occurs.

How should demographic performance be measured?

Measure false positives and false negatives separately on representative operational data, disaggregate results where lawful and statistically sound, and report uncertainty where samples are insufficient.

What should a public notice include?

Explain the location, purpose, data flow, retention, responsible organization, decision role, contact route and rights before people enter the recognition area where feasible.

When should a deployment stop?

Predefined triggers should include unacceptable errors or disparities, unauthorized data use, material breaches, repeated harmful interventions, failed oversight or loss of lawful authority.

Is this guide legal advice?

No. Biometric and surveillance requirements vary by jurisdiction and use case. Obtain qualified legal and data-protection advice for the actual deployment.

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